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Katherine Yadira Pando LLivipuma
Narcisa de Jesús Mayancela Nivelo
Jeneira Marisol González Guaillas
Johanna Estefanía Armijos Sacasari

Introducción: El mioma uterino o leiomioma constituye una de las neoplasias ginecológicas benignas más frecuentes y representa una condición relevante para la salud reproductiva femenina debido a sus efectos sobre la calidad de vida, la fertilidad y el bienestar físico y emocional de las pacientes. Objetivo: Analizar los cuidados de enfermería y el abordaje terapéutico del leiomioma uterino a nivel mundial. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura científica mediante la búsqueda y selección de 50 artículos publicados entre 2017 y 2022 en bases de datos de alto impacto. Se analizaron estudios relacionados con factores asociados, manifestaciones clínicas, alternativas terapéuticas y cuidados de enfermería aplicados en las diferentes fases del manejo quirúrgico. Resultados: Los estudios evidenciaron mayor incidencia del mioma uterino en mujeres entre 26 y 54 años. Entre los principales factores de riesgo se identificaron antecedentes familiares, menarquia temprana, nuliparidad, obesidad e hipertensión. Las manifestaciones clínicas predominantes fueron el sangrado transvaginal y el dolor pélvico. En el tratamiento, los procedimientos quirúrgicos mínimamente invasivos destacaron como alternativas orientadas a preservar la función uterina. El personal de enfermería desempeña un papel fundamental mediante la aplicación del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería y las taxonomías NANDA, NOC y NIC durante las etapas preoperatoria, transoperatoria y postoperatoria. Conclusiones: El cuidado integral de enfermería constituye un componente esencial en el manejo del leiomioma uterino, al favorecer la seguridad del paciente, prevenir complicaciones y contribuir a una recuperación clínica efectiva y una mejor calidad de vida posterior al tratamiento.

Introduction: Uterine fibroids or leiomyomas are among the most common benign gynecological neoplasms and represent a relevant condition for women's reproductive health due to their effects on quality of life, fertility, and patients' physical and emotional well-being. Objective: To analyze nursing care and the therapeutic management of uterine leiomyoma worldwide. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted through the search and selection of 50 scientific articles published between 2017 and 2022 in high-impact databases. Studies addressing associated factors, clinical manifestations, therapeutic alternatives, and nursing care applied during the different phases of surgical management were analyzed. Results: The reviewed studies showed a higher incidence of uterine leiomyoma among women aged 26 to 54 years. The main risk factors identified included family history, early menarche, nulliparity, obesity, and hypertension. The predominant clinical manifestations were abnormal uterine bleeding and pelvic pain. Regarding treatment, minimally invasive surgical procedures emerged as relevant alternatives aimed at preserving uterine function. Nursing professionals play a fundamental role through the implementation of the Nursing Process and the NANDA, NOC, and NIC taxonomies during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative stages. Conclusions: Comprehensive nursing care constitutes an essential component in the management of uterine leiomyoma, contributing to patient safety, prevention of complications, effective clinical recovery, and improved quality of life after treatment.

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Pando LLivipuma KY, Mayancela Nivelo N de J, González Guaillas JM, Armijos Sacasari JE. Intervenciones de enfermería en el abordaje terapéutico de miomas uterinos: revisión sistemática. Vive Revista de Investigación en Salud. 2026;9(27):1-21. https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v9i27.522
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