Modelamiento predictivo del desempeño laboral y estrés ocupacional en universidades públicas peruanas
Predictive Modeling of Job Performance and Occupational Stress in Peruvian Public UniversitiesContenido principal del artículo
Introducción. El estrés laboral es la Respuesta psicológica y física a las exigencias laborales excesivas, que causa ansiedad, fatiga y reduce el rendimiento en el trabajo. Objetivo. Validar un modelo predictivo multivariante que cuantifique el impacto específico de las dimensiones del síndrome de burnout (Cansancio Emocional, Despersonalización y Realización Personal) sobre el rendimiento laboral de servidores públicos administrativos en una universidad nacional peruana. Metodología. se realizó una investigación cuantitativa de diseño transversal con una muestra censal de 28 servidores públicos. Se aplicaron el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) y una escala de rendimiento laboral validada para cuantificar el impacto multidimensional del agotamiento. Resultados. El modelo de regresión múltiple, reveló un coeficiente de determinación ajustado (R² Adj) de 0.643, confirmando la capacidad predictiva del modelo. Específicamente, se identificó que el Cansancio Emocional ejerce el impacto negativo más significativo sobre el desempeño (β = -0.380), seguido por la Despersonalización (β = -0.295), mientras que la Realización Personal actúa como un predictor positivo (β = 0.320). Conclusiones. Estos hallazgos validan el modelo matemático propuesto como un instrumento robusto para el diagnóstico institucional, sugiriendo que las intervenciones focalizadas en la reducción de la fatiga emocional y el fortalecimiento de la realización personal son críticas para optimizar la gestión del talento humano en el sector público educativo.
Introduction. Work-related stress is the psychological and physical response to excessive job demands, which causes anxiety, fatigue, and reduces job performance. Objective. To validate a multivariate predictive model that quantifies the specific impact of burnout syndrome dimensions (Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment) on the job performance of administrative public servants at a Peruvian national university. Materials and methods. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with a census sample of 28 public servants. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and a validated job performance scale were administered to quantify the multidimensional impact of burnout. Results. The multiple regression model revealed an adjusted coefficient of determination (R² Adj) of 0.643, confirming the model's predictive capacity. Specifically, Emotional Exhaustion was identified as having the most significant negative impact on performance (β = -0.380), followed by Depersonalization (β = -0.295), while Personal Accomplishment acted as a positive predictor (β = 0.320). Conclusions. These findings validate the proposed mathematical model as a robust instrument for institutional diagnosis, suggesting that interventions focused on reducing emotional fatigue and strengthening personal accomplishment are critical for optimizing human talent management in the public education sector.
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