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Edson Mijail Meza Espinoza
Ennis Segundo Jaramillo Falcón
Ana Gardenia Lazarte y Avalos
Witman Sanchez Reynaga

La pandemia de COVID-19 expuso al personal sanitario a niveles extremos de riesgos psicosociales, con consecuencias devastadoras para su bienestar. Objetivo: estimar la influencia de cinco dimensiones clave del riesgo psicosocial sobre el estado de salud percibido en 124 profesionales sanitarios del Hospital Carlos Showing Ferrari durante el pico pandémico de 2021. Metodología: mediante un diseño transversal analítico, se evaluaron exigencias psicológicas, control laboral, apoyo social, compensaciones y doble presencia utilizando el cuestionario COPSOQ, mientras que el estado de salud se midió con un instrumento validado. Se implementó un modelo de regresión logística jerárquico para controlar factores de confusión y explorar efectos de interacción. Resultados: se reveló que 79.0% del personal presentó riesgo de salud, con prevalencias de riesgo psicosocial superiores al 78% en todas las dimensiones. El modelo multivariado identificó el descontrol laboral (OR=15.8; IC95% 2.89-86.5) y las altas exigencias psicológicas (OR=11.2; IC95% 2.15-58.3) como los predictores más potentes. Crucialmente, se detectó una interacción significativa entre doble presencia y sexo (OR=0.15; IC95% 0.03-0.84), evidenciando que las mujeres experimentaron un riesgo 12 veces mayor cuando enfrentaban doble presencia. Conclusión:  estos resultados subrayan la necesidad imperativa de intervenciones organizacionales centradas en devolver autonomía al personal y abordar las desigualdades de género en el trabajo de cuidados.

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed healthcare personnel to extreme levels of psychosocial risks, with devastating consequences for their well-being. Objective: to estimate the influence of five key dimensions of psychosocial risk on the perceived health status of 124 healthcare professionals at the Carlos Showing Ferrari Hospital during the pandemic peak of 2021. Methodology: using an analytical cross-sectional design, psychological demands, job control, social support, compensations, and double presence were assessed with the COPSOQ questionnaire, while health status was measured with a validated instrument. A hierarchical logistic regression model was implemented to control for confounding factors and explore interaction effects. Results: it was revealed that 79.0% of the staff presented health risk, with psychosocial risk prevalences above 78% in all dimensions. The multivariate model identified lack of job control (OR=15.8; 95%CI 2.89–86.5) and high psychological demands (OR=11.2; 95%CI 2.15–58.3) as the most powerful predictors. Crucially, a significant interaction between double presence and sex was detected (OR=0.15; 95%CI 0.03–0.84), showing that women experienced a 12-fold higher risk when facing double presence. Conclusion: these results underscore the imperative need for organizational interventions focused on restoring autonomy to staff and addressing gender inequalities in care work.

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Meza Espinoza, E. M., Jaramillo Falcón, E. S. ., Lazarte y Avalos, A. G. ., & Sanchez Reynaga, W. . (2026). Riesgos psicosociales y salud del personal asistencial frente a COVID-19 en Huánuco. Revista Vive, 9(25), 370–389. https://doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v9i25.479
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