Revista Vive

Chronic venous insufficiency in a patient with double greater saphenous vein: Case report

2025-05-14T14:24:36+00:00

Chronic venous insufficiency is a pathology with a high prevalence worldwide, one of its main complications is varicose ulcers in the lower limbs, which is one of the frequent reasons for consultation by patients of working age, which represents a public health problem and a challenge in terms of taking timely therapeutic measures in the management of the pathology. The case of a 35-year-old patient with no relevant pathological history is presented, in whom conservative treatment of a varicose ulcer is performed by placing an Unna boot, wet dressings with antiseptic solutions and an Aquacel Ag patch weekly for 4 months. Additionally, the patient received treatment based on elastic stockings with moderate compression 15 to 20 mmHg, diosmin 1000 mg orally every day, and calcium dobesilate 500 mg every day for 3 weeks. After 2 months of the ulcer being closed, the patient went to the consultation again when he noticed that part of the ulcer had not shown improvement, which is why it was classified as CEAP 5S. The resolution of the case had a particular impact when ultrasound noted the double saphenous system. patient's age, which is an anatomical variant that could predispose to varicose recurrences, which was not the case since an adequate intervention was achieved with radiofrequency ablation and ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy in the patient, with subsequent satisfactory evolution in clinical and aesthetic terms.

Comparison of conventional treatment vs. Epicite-Balance (nanocellulose) for Improving chronic wounds

2025-05-14T15:05:51+00:00

Objective: The study compares the results regarding wound healing improvement in patients with chronic wounds using conventional care versus the nanocellulose substitute Epicite Balance. Methods: Comparative analytical, retrospective study. A total of 23 patients with chronic wounds of both sexes, aged 18 to 79 years, were evaluated, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were attended to at the outpatient clinic of the Specialized Center "Skin Medical." Measurements were taken in millimeters (mm), considering baseline dimensions (major length, minor length, and depth), and compared with sequential weekly measurements from the second to the eighth week. Results: Improvement was observed with a significant reduction in the major and minor lengths of wounds at the end of the eighth week of the study, additionally showing increased granulation that contributed to depth improvement. There was a decrease in the incidence of infections for the group using nanocellulose, confirmed with statistically significant results (p<0.05). Conclusions: The use of nanocellulose provides efficient and effective results for resolving complex chronic wounds

Ebstein anomaly: a case report

2025-06-27T01:33:36+00:00

Ebstein's anomaly is a complex and rare congenital defect that includes morphophysiological malformations of the tricuspid valve and right ventricle. It occurs in 1 in 200,000 live births and represents <1% of congenital heart diseases. It is frequently associated with other defects such as: interatrial septum, pulmonary stenosis or atresia, ventricular septal defect, aortic coarctation, and tetralogy of Fallot. A 49-year-old patient with a history of Ebstein's anomaly and congestive heart failure reports dyspnea on heavy exertion since school age, without other accompanying symptoms. Approximately 15 days ago, the condition worsened to dyspnea on moderate exertion accompanied by palpitations, atypical chest pain, and asthenia, which is why the decision was made to admit him. An echocardiogram showed a low-set tricuspid valve in the right ventricle. An electrocardiogram revealed atrial fibrillation, complete right bundle branch block, and ventricular repolarization disorder. The patient is progressing favorably; however, given the complications associated with Ebstein's anomaly, expectant and palliative pharmacological treatment was decided upon. Ebstein's anomaly represents a cardiac malformation with a low incidence rate. Echocardiography is considered the preferred modality for detecting the disease due to its ability to provide visual confirmation of tricuspid valve abnormality.

Application of total pelvic exenteration in cases of feminicide with sexual violence

2025-07-29T15:47:23+00:00

Femicide, defined as the gender-based murder of women, constitutes the most extreme manifestation of sexist violence and a serious global public health and human rights problem. When this crime is aggravated by sexual violence, the consequences for the victim are devastating and often multisystemic, entailing profound physical, psychological, and social harm. Objective: To demonstrate the usefulness of total pelvic exenteration (TPE) in femicides to identify vaginal/anal injuries resulting from sexual offenses (SOC). Method: A retrospective study (2014–2024) of forensic autopsies in violent deaths of women subjected to TPE in Bolivia. Results: Over 11 years, TPE revealed internal injuries (ecchymoses, hematomas, lacerations) in the vagina and anus, not visible externally. Conclusion: TPE is crucial for identifying sexual assaults in femicides, providing key forensic data to the Public Prosecutor's Office. Its implementation in Bolivia, where it was not previously used, allows for the detection of hidden injuries, strengthening justice in cases of suspected SD. This technique improves diagnostic accuracy and supports legal investigations in contexts of gender-based violence.

In vitro antifungal activity of laurel extract “Laurus nobilis” against Candida albicans

2025-05-05T20:10:09+00:00

Infections caused by Candida albicans have a recurrent incidence globally, due to the use of antifungals, therefore, many investigations have sought feasible alternatives based on medicinal plants. Objective To evaluate the in vitro antifungal effect of laurel extract "Laurus nobilis" against Candida albicans. Materials and methods An experimental, quantitative study was carried out, whose classification belongs to a pure experiment, with a non-probabilistic sampling by convenience, from a study population comprised of commercial strains of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and the extract of Laurus nobilis. The inhibition of the growth of strain ATCC 10231 in dilutions of 100%, 75%, 50% 25% and 10% of Laurus nobilis extract with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was evaluated. The results revealed that Laurus nobilis extract at concentrations of 100, 75 and 50% presented an antifungal action against Candida albicans. This fact is due to the presence of inhibition halos, which according to the Duraffourd scale, are classified as sensitive. It is concluded that the results obtained from the inhibition halos in the different concentrations of the laurel extract, in which it can be affirmed that it does have an antifungal effect against Candida albicans.

Detection of Escherichia coli as an indicator of contamination in water from household cisterns

2025-05-05T20:15:22+00:00

The presence of Escherichia coli in water is a critical indicator of fecal contamination that represents a significant risk to public health, especially due to failures in sanitation systems. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the presence or absence of this bacterium in household water reservoirs in the Tendales parish head of the El Guabo canton. Methodologically, the study was of a descriptive level and mixed design by applying a stratified biphasic random sampling whose first stage consisted of the segmentation of 5 sectors of the area. The first selection of samples consisted of 75 households to know their water sanitary care habits. The second selection was of 5 households from each sector for a total of 25 samples in order to analyze water quality under the Ecuadorian Technical Standard INEN 2169:98. The results showed that only 40% of those surveyed boil their water before drinking it and use cisterns in their homes, the rest of the inhabitants do not; also the clinical data showed that 41.3% of the sector's residents had gastrointestinal problems, 25.3% suffered from diarrhea and 14. 7% suffered from intestinal parasitosis; however, the microbiological analysis of the water determined the absence of the battery, concluding that the method implemented determined that the water is fit to be consumed and also that the diseases presented by the citizens are not associated with its use in the place studied

Collective rights and interculturality: Transforming healthcare

2025-05-05T20:21:49+00:00

Introduction: In increasingly diverse contexts, understanding and addressing the specific needs of different cultural groups from a collective rights perspective is crucial for overcoming inequities and building more equitable, accessible, and culturally competent healthcare systems. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the intercultural approach at the San Juan de Riobamba General Hospital. Methodology: The methodology is quantitative, descriptive, and analytical, with a non experimental design. The sample included 15 patients, 10 staff members, and five administrative department managers. Data collection was conducted through semi structured interviews and structured questionnaires designed to explore the perceptions and experiences of each participant group in relation to the intercultural approach in healthcare. Results: The findings reveal a double systemic fracture at the San Juan de Riobamba Hospital. On the one hand, the polarization in staff self perception (45.5% trained and 45.5% untrained) reflects discontinuous and non-standardized intercultural training, which limits their ability to adequately address the cultural needs of these patients. Conclusions: The perception of cultural neglect can contribute to distrust in the healthcare system, which could result in limited access to medical services. Therefore, it is essential that the San Juan de Riobamba General Hospital implement effective strategies to improve intercultural care

Application of ocular ultrasound in all its modalities: Systematic review

2025-05-05T20:26:12+00:00

Ocular ultrasound is a fundamental noninvasive assessment tool in ophthalmology, with multiple modalities (A-scan, B-scan, UBM, and Doppler ultrasound). This systematic review aims to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic utility, technical limitations, and multidisciplinary clinical applications of ocular ultrasound modalities (A-mode, B-mode, UBM, Doppler) by analyzing standardized operating protocols, correlating them with advanced imaging techniques, and their impact on clinical decision-making algorithms. Following the PRISMA methodology, research published between 2005 and 2025 in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase was examined. Original articles evaluating the diagnostic or therapeutic use of ocular ultrasound were included, excluding nonsystematic reviews and studies without quantifiable data. The Boolean operators AND OR were applied. Two independent reviewers performed the selection and extraction of information, with consensus to resolve discrepancies. Of 1,500 records identified, 34 met the inclusion criteria. The results indicate that: B-scan is the most commonly used modality (85% of studies) to evaluate retinal detachments and intraocular tumors. UBM provides high resolution in anterior pathologies (92% accuracy in narrow-angle glaucoma). Doppler ultrasound improves vascular diagnosis in central retinal vein occlusion (sensitivity of 89%). It is concluded that ocular ultrasound is essential in the diagnosis and monitoring of ocular diseases, with modalities adapted to various anatomical structures. Its integration with new technologies (AI, biomarkers) could optimize its clinical utility.

Nutritional status and waist circumference by gender

2025-05-11T15:36:08+00:00

Currently, childhood obesity is one of the most important public health problems, both in developed and developing countries. Objective To explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in students attending the Professional School of Physical Education at the National University of Callao. Materials and methods A quantitative, descriptive-correlational study was conducted with a convenience sample of 208 participants, including students and teachers. BMI and waist circumference were measured following standardized protocols, and advanced statistical models were used, including Pearson correlation analysis and nonlinear model fitting (polynomial, exponential, and logarithmic), as well as multivariate analysis to control for variables such as age, sex, physical activity, and eating habits. The results A moderate positive correlation (r=0.65; p<0.01) was obtained between BMI and waist circumference, although Cramér's V coefficient indicated a weak or null association between specific BMI categories and circumferences, suggesting complexity in the relationship. It was evident that some participants with a BMI in the overweight range had normal waist circumferences but had other indicators of metabolic risk, underscoring the need for nonlinear models to capture these complex relationships. It is concluded The relationship between BMI and waist circumference is significant but multifactorial, highlighting the importance of promoting healthy habits, thus contributing to health promotion strategies and prevention of diseases associated with overweight and obesity

Psychologists' perceptions of roles and scope in student counseling departments

2025-05-14T13:57:28+00:00

Psychologists in educational settings promote students' emotional, social, and academic well-being, intervene in learning and behavioral difficulties, and foster inclusive environments for holistic development. Objective. To analyze educational psychologists' perceptions of their roles, work challenges, and the impact of current regulations on their performance within Student Counseling Departments. Methodology. The methodological approach was qualitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional. Data were collected using the semi-structured interview technique, and the instrument was validated by specialists in the field. Results. The results indicate that, although the regulations have been updated by Ecuador's Ministry of Education, significant challenges remain, such as administrative workload, the number of students assigned per professional, discrepancies with professional profiles, lack of training in action protocols, and differences in resource access depending on institutional funding type. Conclusion. The work of psychologists in Student Counseling Departments emerges as an essential pillar for the socio-emotional well-being of the educational community, despite systemic challenges limiting their effectiveness

Humanization of childbirth and hospital care: A systematic review

2025-05-14T14:15:03+00:00

Introduction. The humanization of childbirth promotes a respectful and woman-centered approach, enhancing the birth experience with autonomy, dignity, and comprehensive care. Objective. To conduct a systematic review exploring the humanization of care in hospitals, with an emphasis on the childbirth experience. Methods. This research was developed under a quantitative, descriptive approach, using a retrospective longitudinal cohort design, focusing on the childbirth experience from 2019 to 2024. The literature was reviewed in databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Dialnet, BVS, Scopus, Cuiden, and Scielo) between May and July 2024, applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seventeen selected publications were analyzed, focusing on staff training, family participation, effective communication, and adaptation to individual needs. Results. Initially, 35 publications were found, whose titles and abstracts were read, and the established inclusion and exclusion criteria were evaluated, excluding 18 publications. Finally, 17 publications were included in the analysis. Conclusions. The study contributes to understanding the humanization of care in complex environments, offering perspectives to improve care quality in various areas, including the childbirth experience.

Comparison of conventional treatment vs. epicite-balance (nanocellulose) for improving chronic wounds

2025-05-14T14:33:43+00:00

Objective: The study is to compare the efficiency of negative pressure therapy (VAC) and conventional healing in the management of traffic accident wounds. Material and method: Observational, analytical, longitudinal, retrospective study, quantitative design, of patients who met inclusion criteria in a private clinic during January December 2022. In the descriptive analysis, absolute and relative frequencies were determined for the independent variables and For quantitative variables, measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated. Results: A population of 75 patients was analyzed, compared by study groups, VAC therapy and conventional cure. The average age was 36.6 and 33.8 years respectively, with males predominating (73.5% and 75.6% respectively). In patients treated by the VAC system, healing time of 35.1 days, greater reduction in wound size (greater length 3.56 cm and shorter length 2.84 cm), hospitalization time of 27.76 days and no presence of complications were demonstrated; Unlike the conventional cure, there is a healing time of 103 days, a reduction in the size of the wound (greatest length 0.74 cm and shortest length 0.72 cm), hospitalization time of 7.63 days and presence of 5 infections. of wounds and 1 bleeding. Conclusion: The VAC system has more advantages in wound healing than conventional healing, obtaining statistically significant results in healing time, wound size and presence of complications. Negative pressure therapy is a good alternative to conventional treatment for acute and/or chronic wounds in which the spontaneous healing process fails.

Short title in English Self-esteem and alcohol consumption in university students from a private university in East Lima

2025-05-14T14:49:15+00:00

The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between self-esteem and alcohol consumption in 18-25 year-old university students from a private university in East Lima. It is contextualized in a quantitative, correlational, and non-experimental margin, with the survey as the data collection technique. A total of 334 individuals of 18-25 years of age attending an institution of higher education were integrated, and they were given two questionnaires corresponding to the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the AUDIT Questionnaire to assess self-esteem and alcohol consumption. The findings showed that the majority of young people manifested regular self-esteem in 82% and regular alcohol consumption in 79.3%. A negative and significant correlation was found between self- esteem and alcohol consumption in university students aged 18 to 25 years from a private university in East Lima (Spearman's rho = -0.771, p < .05). This result indicates that as alcohol consumption increases, young people's self-esteem decreases, suggesting a moderate relationship between both variables.

Systematic review on the perception of work stress in outpatient nursing professionals

2025-05-14T15:01:36+00:00

Work-related stress is considered a global phenomenon due to the high figures reported by various researchers. Objective. To conduct an analysis of work related stress among nursing professionals working in outpatient care in Latin America and Ecuador. Methodology. A bibliographic review study was carried out with a qualitative approach, using the PRISMA method, for which the following search equation was employed: ("Work-related stress" OR "Occupational stress") AND ("Nursing professionals" OR "Nurses") AND ("Outpatient care" OR "Ambulatory care") AND "Latin America." The research was developed between the years 2015 and 2023. For an exhaustive bibliographic search, the databases SciELO, Redalyc, LILACS, and Dialnet were consulted, recognized for their extensive academic and scientific content. Results. A total of 400 published works were identified, of which 240 were excluded during the first reading because some were not articles, presented different languages, belonged to digital repositories, or were duplicates. Through the second reading, 138 articles were excluded because they required payment, were duplicated, or did not maintain the expected scientific quality. After conducting an analytical reading, 149 articles were excluded, leaving 15 sources selected. Conclusion. This phenomenon is revealed to be a significant concern due to its serious consequences on the physical and mental health of nurses.

Ethnic identity and glycemic control in indigenous populations: a pilot study in southeastern Mexico

2025-05-14T17:37:58+00:00

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is highly prevalent in indigenous communities in southeastern Mexico, where cultural, socioeconomic, and educational factors complicate its management. Previous research suggests that ethnic identity may influence self-management and glycemic control, but this relationship has been little studied in these populations. Objective: To analyze the interaction between ethnic identity, self-management and glycemic control in indigenous adults with TD2. Material and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted in a rural hospital in Yucatan, with a random sample of 30 indigenous adults diagnosed with TD2. The Ethnic Identity Scale of Phinney and Ong (2007) and the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire of Schmitt et al. (2022), culturally adapted, were used. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha (0.74 and 0.75). Capillary blood glucose measurements were performed. Spearman correlation was applied. Results: 90% of the participants identified themselves as Mayan and 76.7% spoke an indigenous language. The 76.7% had had TD2 for more than three years. 68.2% had glucose ?130 mg/dl. A moderate and significant correlation was found between ethnic identity and selfmanagement (r=0.52, p<0.01), suggesting that greater cultural identification is associated with better self-care practices. Conclusion: The findings provide a basis for larger scale studies and for developing culturally relevant health interventions targeting indigenous populations with TD2.

Characterization of positive mental health in peruvian university students in post-pandemic times

2025-05-22T13:01:50+00:00

Positive mental health is a state in which individuals experience positive emotions, life satisfaction, and function effectively in their social and personal roles, helping them manage daily stress. The post-pandemic scenario caused important differences and changes in people's lifestyles, with the mental health of university students being a constant concern. Objective: To describe the levels of positive mental health of Peruvian university students in post-pandemic t imes. Method and materials: The type of research was basic, with a non-experimental design and descriptive level, where the Positive Mental Health Scale was administered to a sample of 840 Peruvian university students (M = 22 years; SD = 11.9), selected under a non-probability sampling. Results: Positive mental health is at a very low level in 21.1% of the participants, followed by the low level in 19.9%. On the other hand, there is no significant difference in the levels of positive mental health, according to gender. Conclusions: It is concluded that the level of positive mental health prevalent among Peruvian university students is very low to low, indicating that the stress caused by COVID-19 has caused students to feel unhappy, have a negative outlook on life and self-image, display anxiety and intolerance, and have difficulty coping with adverse experiences.

Quality of the medical records of the dental service of a hospital center, Lima, Peru

2025-05-22T13:16:07+00:00

The aim of the following study was to evaluate the quality of the medical records of the dental service of a hospital center in Lima, Peru, based on the criteria established by the current regulations of the Ministry of Health. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective and observational non experimental study design. The sample consisted of 115 medical records obtained by applying a formula for estimating a known population. The instrument used for data collection was the form of the Technical Standard for Auditing the Quality of Health Care provided by the Ministry of Health (MINSA). Results: Of the total number of medical records studied, 56.0% were found to be in the deficient category and 44.0% had a record to be improved, which indicates that only a certain percentage had the capacity to adequately record the medical records as required. There was room for improvement in the following categories: anamnesis 61.0%, diagnosis 88.0%, treatment 63.0% and attributes 83.0%. There were deficient records in the following categories: physical examination 45.0% and ancillary examinations 51.0%. Conclusion: The audit of the quality of the dental service records in September 2019 of the Carlos Lanfranco la Hoz Hospital was found to be between deficient and in need of improvement.

Care and access to medications in user satisfaction at a health center

2025-05-22T13:29:34+00:00

Peru currently faces significant challenges regarding healthcare equity, primarily in areas classified as vulnerable. This is largely due to the lack of high-quality care provided in health centers and the insufficient availability of medications to achieve user satisfaction. Given this reality, the objective was to determine the impact of the quality of care and access to medications on the satisfaction of users attending a health center in Ancash. The study was conducted using a quantitative approach, explanatory level, and non-experimental design. Three valid and reliable questionnaires were administered to 131 users. The descriptive results reveal a higher frequency of poor care, inadequate access to medications, and average satisfaction. At the inferential level, the hypothesis was tested using an ordinal logistic regression model, resulting in the following: the model was statistically significant (X2 = 112,190; p < 0,05); The quality of care and access to medications impact user satisfaction by 64.7% (Pseudo R2=0,647); and the categories: poor and fair for quality of care and access to medications showed associated Wald p values lower than 0,05 (p<0,05), indicating that these categories significantly impact user satisfaction. Therefore, the quality of care and access to medications significantly impact user satisfaction in a healthcare center in Ancash.>

Evolution of antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Latin América. A scoping review

2025-06-07T00:04:45+00:00

Studies from the region show that the resistance profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has evolved significantly in hospitals and clinics in Latin America. The objective: to analyze the evolution of antibiotic resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Latin America. Methodology: A qualitative approach, based on a literature review, followed the PRISMA 2020 methodology. The PubMed and LILACS databases were used. The search was carried out in March 2025, prioritizing publications from the last five years, previous studies from the years 2007, 2008, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2018 were considered. The results show that, since 2015, important changes in epidemiology have been recorded: several centers reported an increase in the prevalence of bla KPC-type carbapenemases (with figures of up to 75% in some studies), the emergence of bla NDM and the appearance of OXA variants, as well as the detection of other genes (bla IMP, bla SPM, bla PER) by molecular methods (PCR, WGS, RT-PCR). Furthermore, variability in the co-production of resistance mechanisms and the continued presence of efflux systems and alterations in membrane permeability are confirmed, reflecting the microbiological and molecular diversity that characterizes the evolution of resistance in P. aeruginosa over time in the region. In conclusion, it is essential to prioritize the standardization of surveillance protocols and the integration of molecular tools into diagnostic routines, and to promote regional collaboration for the monitoring of emerging clones and mechanisms.

Cytological test performance during 2023 of the René Vallejo Ortiz Polyclinic, Bayamo, Granma, Cuba

2025-06-07T00:09:21+00:00

Cervical cytological screening using the Pap test is a fundamental tool for the early detection of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the cervix, contributing significantly to the reduction in the incidence and mortality from cervical cancer (CC). Objective the present study aimed to analyze the behavior of cytological tests performed during 2023 in the René Vallejo Ortiz Polyclinic, comparing the results with those obtained in 2022. Materials and methods An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was carried out, based on the clinic's clinical and laboratory records. The population included all women seen during 2023, with 3,303 scheduled Pap smears and 3,156 actually performed, achieving a compliance rate of 95.6%. Qualitative and quantitative variables were analyzed through descriptive and inferential analysis, applying the McNemar test to evaluate differences between years. The results showed a low percentage of unusable cytology tests (2.3%), with sample shortages being the main cause. A total of 168 new cases of cytological lesions were detected (5.3%), with a mean patient age of 44.5 years. The educational interventions implemented in 2023 improved sample quality and increased the detection of positive cases, with statistically significant differences compared to 2022 (p < 0.05). It is concluded the program demonstrated high coverage, improved quality, and improved diagnostic capacity. It is recommended that ongoing training and strengthened follow-up be maintained to optimize CC prevention.

Public health policies in Peru: decentralization processes and quality of care

2025-06-17T16:11:25+00:00

Introduction. Public health policies in Peru face major challenges in coordinating decentralization with improved quality of care. The transfer of powers to regional governments has generated inequalities in access to and quality of services, and how these elements have impacted the health of the population. Objective: To analyze public health policies in Peru, with a focus on decentralization processes and their consequences on the quality of health care. Materials and methods: Qualitative approach, documentary design, based on an exhaustive search of studies in databases such as Wos, Scopus, and SciELO, under PRISMA 2020 guidelines, the search period from 2018 to 2024. Inclusion criteria were applied to restrict studies directly related to decentralization and quality of care in the Peruvian context; non-empirical studies and those focused on other topics were excluded. A total of 31 studies were selected. Results: Decentralization has contributed to greater accessibility to health services in the regions; the quality of care is affected by coordination problems, lack of resources, and inequalities between regions. Conclusions: Health decentralization in Peru depends on the competence of local governments and the availability of resources, but faces challenges such as a shortage of human resources, lack of training, deficient infrastructure, politicization of management, and insufficient intergovernmental coordination, limiting the quality, equity, and efficiency of health services.

Prevalence of enterobacterias on hands in relation to respiratory and digestive problems in schoolchildren

2025-06-23T14:42:07+00:00

The research aimed to determine the relationship between the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae on hands and respiratory and digestive problems in schoolchildren at Initial Educational Institution 055 Jaén-2024. A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, non-experimental and deductive study was carried out, surveying 110 parents and a hand swab was performed on 110 children. The information was analyzed using SPSS-27 software. The results showed a prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae on hands of 93.6%, Enterobacter 25.5%, Serratia 22.7%; Klebsiella 20.9%, Salmonella spp 18.2% and other types in lower percentages, Citrobacter 2.7%, Edwardsiella, Escherichia coli, Yersinia and Proteus each reached 0.9%. Regarding respiratory problems, it is evident that 54.5% of children have occasionally experienced episodes of acute respiratory illnesses, such as colds or the flu. Regarding digestive problems, 50% of children experience episodes of diarrhea, sometimes including nausea and vomiting. A correlation (Spearman's Rho = 0.274, with a p-value of 0.004) is also evident between the digestive and respiratory outcome assessments found in the sample. It is concluded that there is a significant correlation (p-value = 0.004) with a p < 0.05 between the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae on hands and respiratory and digestive problems in schoolchildren at Early Childhood Education Institution 055 Jaén-2024.

Budget allocation for risk management in public hospitals: a conceptual review

2025-06-23T14:54:30+00:00

Budget allocation in public hospitals constitutes one of the fundamental pillars for ensuring the operation, quality, and sustainability of health services in Latin America. The objective of this study is to examine budget allocation for risk management in Latin American public hospitals, identifying the transition from bureaucratic approaches to strategic health management instruments. The approach is qualitative, guided by a theoretical review of the literature (2003-2025). Academic databases and repositories include Scopus, PubMed, Redalyc, SciELO, and institutional repositories such as PAHO/WHO. A total of 45 studies were selected for the review. The results show an incipient integration between budgeting and risk management (epidemiological, economic-financial, socio-political, and operational), primarily reactive to crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, which exposed structural vulnerabilities, particularly in economies dependent on extractive resources. Innovative mechanisms such as participatory budgeting, ABC costing, and adaptive resource management were identified, whose effective implementation requires enabling regulatory frameworks, technical capacities, robust information systems, and sustained political commitment. An integrative conceptual framework is proposed with five interrelated components: strategic risk management, adaptive technical methodologies, operational flexibility mechanisms, multilevel participatory governance, and resilient systemic integration, which operate as a complex adaptive system with three main cycles: strategic adaptation, participatory legitimation, and transformative resilience. The research concludes that moving toward more robust budgetary models requires multidimensional, gradual, and contextualized transformations that recognize the sociocultural and economic specificities of each context.

Management of the degree of dependency and complications of patients in the Post-Anesthesia Recovery Unit in a Lima Hospital, 2022

2025-06-23T15:15:33+00:00

Introduction, the immediate postoperative period is a crucial period where postoperative complications occur, which added to the degree of dependency are important indicators for nursing care management. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the degree of dependency and patient complications according to clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients in the Post Anesthesia Recovery Unit. Methodology: Quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study. A clinical-demographic and complication data collection form was used, in addition to the Perroca patient classification system to measure the degree of dependence on nursing care. Results: Most patients had grade III dependence (55.8%) on nursing care (semi-intensive care); the frequency of complications was 47.5%, the most frequent being moderate pain 30.6%, tachycardia 21.9% and nausea 19.7%. Likewise, pain, nausea, vomiting, hypotension and delayed awakening are the most frequent complications associated with the degree of dependence. Age and sex are characteristics associated with post-anesthetic complications. Educational level and occupation are characteristics associated with the degree of dependency. Conclusion: A statistically significant relationship was identified between the level of nursing care dependency and the incidence of complications in the postanesthesia recovery unit.

Microplastics and their impacto n maternal and fetal health

2025-06-23T15:41:09+00:00

Microplastics (MP) have become a significant source of environmental pollution and consequently affect human beings. These polymers are present in everyday life, from the water we drink to the food we consume. However, information about the potential effects of MP on human health is limited, especially regarding vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women, which could pose a high risk to the fetus. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of MP on maternal and fetal health. A literature review of scientific articles on Google Scholar was conducted. Gray literature and duplicate articles were excluded. The results focused on the impact of MP on fetal health and maternal health separately, and additionally considered studies conducted on laboratory animals. The information obtained shows the presence of MP in maternal human components such as amniotic fluid, endometrium, and placenta, even when samples had no exogenous contact, in operating rooms or laboratories. MP exposure revealed a risk for pregnant women, who developed metabolic, cellular, endocrine, and cardiovascular alterations, as well as for fetuses. In fetuses, MPs found in the liver, kidneys, heart, and brain were associated with metabolic disorders, systemic toxicity, fetal growth restriction, and neurological alterations.

Risk management in the implementation of prior control in public hospitals. A conceptual review

2025-06-23T15:47:31+00:00

Risk management in public hospitals has acquired increasing importance as an essential component for ensuring the continuity, safety, and efficiency of healthcare services, especially in the face of emergencies and disasters. The objective of this study is to develop a theoretical and conceptual model for integrating risk management into the implementation of prior control in public hospitals, based on a review and analysis of specialized literature. The approach is qualitative, with a conceptual review design. Four key dimensions are identified: system governance, risk assessment with a regional focus, implementation of controls with limited resources, and monitoring with incremental improvement. The research was based on a critical and systematic analysis of a bibliographic corpus composed of 35 documents selected for their relevance and conceptual quality. The literature was published between 2018 and 2024. The databases used were Elsevier, Scielo, and others. The results of this study confirm and expand the theoretical foundations reviewed. This research provides a comprehensive and contextualized conceptual framework for the modernization of control systems in public hospitals. It is concluded that the theoretical and conceptual model developed offers an innovative framework for integrating risk management into the implementation of prior control in budget execution in public hospitals.

Use of medicinal plants in the treatment of respiratory diseases in the population of Sihuas, Ancash

2025-06-23T16:15:51+00:00

In the province of Sihuas, Ancash region, the traditional use of medicinal plants persists as a common practice to treat respiratory conditions. Objective. To determine the effects of the use of medicinal plants in the improvement of respiratory affections in the inhabitants of Sihuas. Materials and methods. Quantitative study, applied and explanatory-causal level. The sample consisted of 120 people of both sexes, selected by voluntary participation. A structured questionnaire of 20 questions with Likert scale was used, validated by expert judgment (V = 0.94) and reliability tested with Cronbach's Alpha (? = 0.894). Results. Forty-eight percent of respondents reported using combinations of plants such as matico, scorzonera, wira wira and eucalyptus to alleviate respiratory ailments. Statistical analysis showed that 57.7% of the improvement in respiratory conditions was explained by the use of these plants. Statistical significance was found (p = 0.000 < ? = 0.05), which allowed rejecting the null hypothesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis. Conclusions. The use of medicinal plants has a positive and significant effect on the improvement of respiratory conditions in the inhabitants of Sihuas, which supports their value in local traditional medicine.

Optimal hospital construction models to reduce infections in piura and castilla: a systematic review

2025-06-27T01:10:42+00:00

This systematic review analyzes optimal hospital construction models to reduce healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in the Piura and Castilla regions, characterized by tropical climate and high epidemiological vulnerability. The objective was to synthesize evidence on architectural designs, ventilation systems, and effective construction protocols. Following the PRISMA methodology, 153 studies were identified in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and regional repositories; after screening by inclusion criteria (articles in Spanish/English from the last 20 years, focus on HAI reduction) and exclusion criteria (documents without full access, narrative reviews, or low methodological quality), 11 studies were included. Results show that integrated models (adapted bioclimatic designs, hybrid ventilation, and collaborative management) reduce HAIs by up to 52%, although their implementation faces technical and economic barriers. It is concluded that adopting contextualized, cost-effective, and collaborative strategies is necessary to transform healthcare infrastructure into an "active barrier" against infections in these regions.

Comparison of pain with epicite hydro and conventional healing in deep second degree burns

2025-07-04T14:40:27+00:00

Objective: Pain assessment using a nanocellulose substitute (EPICITE HYDRO) versus conventional treatment for deep second-degree burns in adult patients. Materials and methods: This is an interventional, analytical, retrospective, comparative study using clinical records. The study involved 142 patients of both sexes, aged 30 to 75 years, seen in an outpatient clinic between January 2022 and July 2024, conducted at the Skin Medical Clinic. All had deep intermediate second-degree burns affecting less than 20% of the exposed dermis. The pain score (VAS) was used for both groups, and measurements were taken at 24 hours, 72 hours, one week, and three weeks. Results: Averages were obtained using the pain scale and a comparison was made between the two groups, comparing nanocellulose (Epicite Hydro) versus conventional dressing. Lower average pain was observed in the nanocellulose group during the follow-up period compared to the conventional treatment. Special attention was paid to pain improvement in the first 24 hours and sustained improvement in the measurements taken at 72 hours, one week, and three weeks, corroborated by statistically significant results (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Pain improvement was evident using the VAS scale with the use of the nanocellulose substitute. Mild pain was noted in the nanocellulose group, in contrast to the moderate pain characteristic of cases treated with conventional dressing.

Knowledge of oncology treatment administration and communication skills among nursing staff

2025-07-04T15:04:58+00:00

Cancer is a health problem that affects more and more people. It is a real challenge for the health system due to the multiple effects of the disease. Therefore, the administration of oncological treatments is a complex and personalized process that uses various routes (intravenous, subcutaneous, oral, and others) to optimize efficacy and minimize adverse effects. Communication skills among nursing staff for this disease are essential for establishing an effective therapeutic relationship with patients, improving the quality of care, and promoting treatment success. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between knowledge about the administration of oncological treatments and communication skills among nursing staff at three health entities in Lima, Peru. The methodology used was quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional, and non-experimental. The sample consisted of 300 nurses working in health entities in Lima, two public hospitals and one private clinic. Two questionnaires were used: Knowledge of oncological treatments and Communication Skills Scale (EHC), valid and reliable with 0.84 and 0.93. Administration; Knowledge, Skills; Oncology; Treatment.

Nursing students' perceptions of clinical simulators and their influence on learning

2025-07-29T15:10:42+00:00

Clinical simulation is a fundamental tool in nursing education, allowing the integration of theory and practice in a safe and controlled environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate nursing students' perceptions of the influence of simulators and simulation practices on their learning process. The study was conducted with participants from the first cycle of the Catholic University of Cuenca, Cañar Extension, between September 2024 and February 2025. The methodology used is qualitative, with a phenomenological and hermeneutic design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five students, selected according to inclusion criteria, using non-probability convenience sampling. The results showed that participants have a positive perception of the use of simulators, highlighting their effectiveness in acquiring technical skills and improving confidence in real-life clinical situations. Furthermore, it was evident that simulators contribute to teamwork, decision-making, and emotional preparedness in the face of stressful situations. They also indicated that simulation allows for experiencing errors without consequences, promoting safe and risk-free learning. In conclusion, clinical simulation is valued as an effective teaching strategy that strengthens both technical and soft skills. The participation of the tutor is key, as their guidance maximizes the benefits of simulation. The importance of integrating simulation into the comprehensive training of future nursing professionals is emphasized, ensuring the development of essential skills and enabling them to handle real-life clinical scenarios with confidence and effectiveness.

Relationship between work stress and productivity among healthcare workers in a health facility in Jaen Perú

2025-07-29T15:22:17+00:00

Work-related stress is a significant factor affecting the productivity of healthcare workers. Previous research has demonstrated that dimensions such as job dissatisfaction, emotional exhaustion, and lack of motivation negatively impact job performance. Objective This study aimed to analyze the relationship between work stress and productivity among healthcare workers in a health facility in Peru during 2023. Materials and methods A quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational design was employed with a sample of 78 workers. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire assessing work stress dimensions and productivity. Multivariate statistical techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA) and Spearman correlation, were applied for data analysis. The results Indicated that the main component of work stress explained 58.7% of the total variance and was inversely related to productivity (? = -0.089, p < 0.05). Individual dimensions of dissatisfaction, emotional exhaustion, and lack of motivation showed weak and mostly non-significant negative correlations with productivity. It is concluded that global work stress negatively influences productivity, although the association is weak, suggesting the need to implement intervention strategies aimed at improving occupational well-being and healthcare workers’ performance.

Pregnancy in a cesarean scar: Presentation of three clinical cases and review of the literatura

2025-07-29T15:31:53+00:00

Embarrassment due to cesarean scars (CSE) is a relatively common but high-risk condition, the incidence of which has increased along with the global incidence of cesarean sections. Istmocele, a defect of the uterine scar, is associated with obstetric risks such as uterine rupture, secondary infertility and abnormal bleeding. The objective of the study is to review clinical characteristics, treatment options and reproductive results among three patients with ECC and isthmocele. A review of three patients with ECC and isthmocele was carried out. A narrative review was carried out based on clinical cases and recent literature, evaluating the diagnosis by transvaginal ultrasound, the treatment according to the size of the myometrium and the clinical evolution. Results: Early diagnosis by ultrasound is essential, as 50% of cases are asymptomatic. Hysteroscopic treatment was effective in patients with myometrium ?2.5 mm, although laparoscopy or laparotomy is indicated for thinner myometriums (<3 mm) with favorable results. A systematic review demonstrated that isthmocele significantly reduces live birth rates in IVF, especially with intracavitary fluid. Surgical resection allowed the loss of more than 60% of women with secondary infertility. It is concluded that the management of CSP must be individualized according to the clinic and the ultrasound.

Telemedicine applied to prehospital care through technological integration for emergency response

2025-07-29T15:39:30+00:00

Telemedicine has emerged as a strategic tool in pre-hospital healthcare, allowing clinical capabilities to be extended beyond the conventional hospital setting. Its application in emergency scenarios facilitates remote patient assessment, real-time clinical support, and decision-making based on continuously transmitted physiological parameters. This technological modality has proven to be effective in reducing response times, improving inter-institutional coordination and optimizing the therapeutic approach during medical transport. The methodology consisted of an integrative review of scientific literature on telemedicine in prehospital care, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. 50 studies selected from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc and Google Scholar, published between 2018 and 2024, were analyzed, prioritizing peer-reviewed research in English and Spanish. The results show that telemedicine contributes significantly to improving pre-hospital care, especially in time-dependent emergencies such as heart attacks or strokes, by reducing response times and facilitating more timely clinical decisions. In the local context of Cuenca, emergency professionals expressed a high willingness to incorporate telemedicine, but pointed out deficiencies in equipment, technical training, and standardized protocols.